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Density Calculator

Free Density Calculator for math. Enter values to solve step-by-step with verified formulas, worked examples, and detailed explanations. Free math tool.

Formula

Density (ρ) = Mass (m) ÷ Volume (V)

Density equals mass divided by volume. Common units are g/cm³ or kg/m³. Specific gravity is density relative to water.

Worked Examples

Example 1: Identify Unknown Metal

Problem:A metal cube measuring 2cm × 2cm × 2cm has a mass of 86.4 grams. What metal is it?

Solution:Volume = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 cm³\nMass = 86.4 g\n\nDensity = 86.4 ÷ 8 = 10.8 g/cm³\nDensity = 10,800 kg/m³\n\nThis is close to silver (10,490 kg/m³)

Result:10.8 g/cm³ - likely Silver

Example 2: Will It Float?

Problem:An object has mass 450g and volume 500 mL. Will it float in water?

Solution:Density = Mass ÷ Volume\nDensity = 450g ÷ 500mL\nDensity = 0.9 g/cm³ = 900 kg/m³\n\nWater density = 1000 kg/m³\nSince 900 < 1000, it floats!

Result:0.9 g/cm³ - Floats in water

Example 3: Calculate Object Mass

Problem:A gold bar measures 10cm × 5cm × 2cm. How much does it weigh?

Solution:Volume = 10 × 5 × 2 = 100 cm³\nGold density = 19.3 g/cm³\n\nMass = Density × Volume\nMass = 19.3 × 100 = 1,930 g\nMass = 1.93 kg ≈ 4.25 pounds

Result:1.93 kg (4.25 lb)

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate density?

Density = Mass ÷ Volume. Measure the object's mass with a scale, determine volume by displacement or geometry, then divide. Common units are g/cm³ or kg/m³.

What affects density?

Temperature (heating usually decreases density), pressure (compressing increases density), and composition. Alloys and mixtures have densities between their components.

How do I convert between density units?

1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³ = 62.428 lb/ft³. To convert g/cm³ to kg/m³, multiply by 1000. Water is 1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³.

How is density used in engineering?

Density determines material selection, structural weight, buoyancy calculations, fluid dynamics, and shipping costs. It's crucial for aircraft, ships, and building design.

References